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The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) has presented a draft of a new basic energy plan to a panel of experts for review. This plan is designed to guide Japan’s medium- to long-term energy policy and includes a clear stance on the use of nuclear power. The plan states that nuclear energy should be utilized to the maximum extent possible, highlighting its importance in achieving both decarbonization and a stable and inexpensive power supply.
Japan’s basic energy plan is revised every three years, and the previous plan in 2014 called for a reduction in dependence on nuclear power after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident. However, the new plan takes a more objective look at the use of nuclear energy, recognizing its role as an essential energy source for daily life and industrial activity. The recent invasion of Ukraine by Russia has also emphasized the importance of energy security for Japan.
The new plan sets a target for nuclear power to account for around 20% of total electricity generation by FY2040, maintaining the level set for FY2030. To achieve this, the criteria for nuclear power plant replacement will be eased, allowing for new plants to be built on the site of decommissioned plants owned by the same power company.
The inclusion of a policy calling for the use of nuclear power in the new energy plan is expected to help maintain nuclear power technology in Japan, as many companies have withdrawn from the business or gone out of business after the Fukushima Daiichi accident.
Renewable energy is also a key focus in the new plan, with a target for it to account for 40-50% of electricity production by FY2040, making it the largest source of electricity for the first time. This is a significant increase from the 22.9% recorded in FY2023. Thermal power generation, which currently accounts for 68.6% of power output, is expected to decrease to 30-40% to achieve decarbonization goals.
The question now is how to achieve this power mix. The plan highlights the need for increased reliance on nuclear power and renewable energy, while decreasing dependence on thermal power. This shift in energy sources will have a significant impact on Japan’s national strength and its ability to achieve decarbonization goals.